LE PROCESSUS D’EXCLUSION / INCLUSION DES ENFANTS EN SITUATION DE HANDICAP À L’ÉCOLE
Keywords:
inclusive education, exclusion, negotiation, subversion, hidden dimensions of activity, collective workAbstract
Le paradigme inclusif promeut une manière qualitative d’inclure les enfants en situation de handicap à l’école et le rôle de l’environnement scolaire devient déterminant. Des acteurs scolaires et non scolaires, dans une situation d’inclusion, peuvent choisir de travailler ensemble et de mettre en œuvre un processus d’exclusion provisoire du milieu scolaire ordinaire en retravaillant collectivement la norme inclusive. Ce processus « d’exclusion / inclusion » relève d’un processus subversif, négocié et créateur. L’interactionnisme sym- bolique, l’analyse pluridisciplinaire des situations de travail et la clinique de l’activité sont mobilisés pour analyser ce processus. Cette recherche qualitative prend appui sur des observations, des entretiens, et une collecte de documents institutionnels et professionnels, réalisés au cours d’une démarche d’enquête socioanthropologique.
THE EXCLUSION / INCLUSION PROCESS OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES AT SCHOOL
The paradigm of inclusion promotes a qualitative way of including children with disabilities in school, and the role of the school environment becomes crucial. School and non-school actors, in a context of inclusion, can choose to work together and implement a process of temporary exclusion from the ordinary school environment by collectively reworking the inclusive norm. This “exclusion / inclusion” process is a subversive, negotiated, and creative process. The symbolic interactionism, the multidisciplinary analysis of the work situa- tions, and the activity clinic are mobilized to analyze this process. This qualitative research is based on observations, interviews, and a collection of institutional and professional documents produced during a socio-anthropological survey.
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