LE PARADIGME INCLUSIF À TRAVERS LE PRISME DES RAPPORTS SOCIAUX INÉGALITAIRES
Keywords:
inclusive paradigm, social exclusion, social inequalities, appropriation, sociology, educationAbstract
Cette contribution propose une réflexion théorique autour du concept d’exclusion et de sa mobilisation dans la recherche en éducation, et plus particulièrement sur les liens existants entre ce concept et le paradigme inclusif. Après avoir présenté une proposition théorique rendant compte des différents rapports sociaux inégalitaires permettant d’appréhender l’exclusion au sein du monde scolaire, une analyse de la place qu’occupent ces rapports au sein des différentes vagues historiques de l’inclusion scolaire permet d’avancer que le paradigme inclusif, au départ associé à l’intégration, s’est constitué en relation avec l’exclusion. En conclusion, il est rappelé que la dénonciation des rapports sociaux inégalitaires permet d’éviter que le paradigme inclusif ne se limite qu’à des changements cosmétiques ne servant qu’à reproduire le statu quo.
THE INCLUSIVE PARADIGM THROUGH THE LENS OF SOCIAL INEQUALITY
This article aims to build a theoretical and critical reflection on the concept of exclusion and of its use in educational research, particularly on its link with the inclusion paradigm. Following a theoretical proposition that takes into account the various social inequalities that explains exclusion in the school context, an analysis of the presence of these inequalities within the different historical waves of inclusion in school reinforces the notion that the inclusion paradigm, at first associated with integration, has developed in relation with exclusion. In conclusion, the article reiterates that the denunciation of social inequalities is necessary to avoid having the inclusion paradigm leading only to cosmestic changes that reinforce the status quo.
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